逐词完整资料，适合在分组学习后复习核心用法、例句和必要辨析。
the air around Earth, or the feeling in a place
大气层；气氛
the air around Earth, or the feeling in a place
The spacecraft returned safely through Earth’s atmosphere.
航天器安全穿过地球大气层返回。
Earth’s atmosphere
Soft music created a relaxed atmosphere in the café.
轻音乐在咖啡馆营造了轻松的氛围。
a relaxed atmosphere
可指地球周围的大气，也可指场所给人的氛围。
frozen water
冰；冰块
frozen water
Be careful: there is ice on the road.
小心：路上有冰。
ice on the road
The ice melted quickly in the sun.
冰在阳光下很快融化了。
ice melted
Ice is uncountable when it means frozen water.
the conditions outside, such as rain or temperature
天气
the conditions outside, such as rain or temperature
The weather forecast says it will rain.
天气预报说会下雨。
The weather forecast
We stayed inside because of the bad weather.
因为天气不好我们待在室内。
bad weather
weather 是不可数名词；不能说 a weather。
moving air, especially outside
风
moving air, especially outside
A strong wind closed the bridge.
一阵强风关闭了大桥。
A strong wind
The flags were moving in the wind.
旗帜在风中飘动。
in the wind
wind 通常不可数；说一阵风可用 a strong/cold wind。
to turn something round and round, or make a clock work by turning it; to follow a route that has many bends
缠绕；上发条；蜿蜒
to turn something round and round, or make a clock work by turning it
He wound the bandage around her arm.
他把绷带缠在她手臂上。
wound the bandage
这个动词义读 /waɪnd/，过去式和过去分词通常为 wound。
to follow a route that has many bends
The river winds through the hills.
这条河蜿蜒穿过群山。
winds through the hills
道路或河流作主语时，wind 表示“蜿蜒”。
with a lot of wind
多风的；风大的
with a lot of wind
It was too windy to play badminton.
风太大，不能打羽毛球。
too windy
We chose a jacket for the cold and windy weather.
我们为寒冷多风的天气选了一件夹克。
cold and windy
windy 通常描述天气；-y 使名词 wind 变成形容词。
soft white frozen water that falls from the sky; when snow falls from the sky
雪；下雪
soft white frozen water that falls from the sky
Heavy snow closed the mountain road overnight.
大雪一夜之间封闭了山路。
Heavy snow
The field was covered in fresh snow.
田野被新雪覆盖。
covered in snow
snow 通常不可数。
when snow falls from the sky
It began to snow just as we left the station.
我们刚离开车站就开始下雪。
began to snow
If it snows tonight, the school bus may be late.
如果今晚下雪，校车可能会迟到。
If it snows
天气表达通常用 it 作主语。
with a lot of snow falling or lying on the ground
下雪多的；被雪覆盖的
with a lot of snow falling or lying on the ground
It was a snowy morning, so we walked carefully.
那是一个下雪的早晨，所以我们小心步行。
snowy morning
The train passed through snowy mountains at dawn.
火车在黎明时穿过白雪覆盖的群山。
snowy mountains
snowy 可描述天气或覆盖着雪的景物。
the loud sound that follows lightning during a storm
雷；雷声
the loud sound that follows lightning during a storm
A clap of thunder woke the baby.
一声雷响惊醒了婴儿。
a clap of thunder
We heard thunder in the distance after dinner.
晚饭后我们听到远处的雷声。
heard thunder
thunder 通常不可数；lightning 指闪电，thunder 指雷声。
a storm with thunder, lightning, and often heavy rain
雷暴
a storm with thunder, lightning, and often heavy rain
The match was cancelled because of a thunderstorm.
比赛因雷暴而取消。
because of a thunderstorm
Stay indoors during a thunderstorm.
雷暴期间要待在室内。
during a thunderstorm
thunderstorm 是 thunder 与 storm 组成的复合词。
a period of very bad weather with strong wind and often rain; to go somewhere quickly and angrily
暴风雨；风暴；气冲冲地走；猛冲
a period of very bad weather with strong wind and often rain
The storm damaged several trees in the park.
暴风雨损坏了公园里的几棵树。
the storm damaged
The fishermen returned early because a storm was coming.
渔民因暴风雨将至而提前返航。
a storm was coming
描述天气时，storm 常指伴有强风和大雨的风暴。
to go somewhere quickly and angrily
He stormed out of the room after the argument.
争吵后他气冲冲地走出了房间。
stormed out of
She stormed into the office and demanded an explanation.
她气冲冲地走进办公室要求解释。
stormed into
storm out of 表示因生气而冲出某处。
a tall plant with hard hollow stems, often used as a material
竹；竹子
a tall plant with hard hollow stems, often used as a material
Pandas in the reserve eat fresh bamboo every day.
保护区里的大熊猫每天吃新鲜竹子。
eat bamboo
The bridge was decorated with lanterns made of bamboo.
这座桥装饰着用竹子制成的灯笼。
made of bamboo
通常不可数；表示单株可说 a bamboo plant。
a woody plant with several stems growing close to the ground
灌木；灌木丛
a woody plant with several stems growing close to the ground
A bird was building a nest inside the rose bush.
一只鸟正在玫瑰丛中筑巢。
a rose bush
The ball rolled behind a thick bush at the edge of the garden.
球滚到了花园边一丛茂密的灌木后面。
a thick bush
A bush usually branches near the ground, unlike a typical tree with a single main trunk.
a small plant with three leaves
三叶草；苜蓿
a small plant with three leaves
We found a patch of clover beside the football field.
我们在足球场旁发现了一小片三叶草。
patch of clover
She searched the grass for a four-leaf clover.
她在草地上寻找四叶草。
four-leaf clover
four-leaf clover 常被视为好运象征。
an area, private or public, where flowers, vegetables, or other plants are grown and enjoyed
花园；菜园；园林
an area, private or public, where flowers, vegetables, or other plants are grown and enjoyed
The children planted beans in the school garden.
孩子们在学校菜园里种了豆子。
school garden
Roses were blooming in the flower garden by the gate.
大门旁的花园里玫瑰正在开放。
flower garden
We spent the afternoon at the botanical garden.
我们下午在植物园度过。
botanical garden
A quiet path runs through the public gardens near the museum.
一条安静的小路穿过博物馆附近的公共园林。
public gardens
A garden may be private or public, ornamental or used for vegetables; botanical garden is a public garden for many kinds of plants.
a common green plant with narrow leaves that covers lawns and fields
草；草地
a common green plant with narrow leaves that covers lawns and fields
Please keep off the wet grass after the rain.
雨后请不要踩湿草地。
keep off the grass
The sheep were eating grass on the hillside.
羊正在山坡上吃草。
eat grass
Grass is uncountable when it means the plant material or a lawn.
an area of short grass in a garden or park
草坪
an area of short grass in a garden or park
They played badminton on the lawn.
他们在草坪上打羽毛球。
on the lawn
Mr Li mows the lawn every Saturday.
李先生每周六修剪草坪。
mows the lawn
Lawn is countable; mow the lawn means cut the grass on it.
a tree with broad leaves divided into pointed sections
枫树
a tree with broad leaves divided into pointed sections
We planted a maple near the school gate.
我们在校门附近种了一棵枫树。
a maple 指一棵枫树
Red maple leaves covered the path in autumn.
秋天，红色的枫叶铺满了小路。
maple leaves 指枫叶
Maple can stand alone as a countable tree name or modify tree, leaf or wood. Maple syrup is a food made from the sap of certain maple trees.
a garden flower with scented petals and thorns
玫瑰（花）
a garden flower with scented petals and thorns
He gave his mother a red rose.
他送给母亲一枝红玫瑰。
a red rose
The yellow roses are opening in the garden.
花园里的黄玫瑰正在开放。
yellow roses
注意 rose 也可作 rise 的过去式；这里指“玫瑰花”。
the plant or dried leaves used for smoking
烟草
the plant or dried leaves used for smoking
The museum shows how tobacco was grown long ago.
博物馆展示了很久以前人们如何种植烟草。
grow tobacco
Tobacco smoke can harm people nearby.
烟草烟雾会伤害附近的人。
Tobacco smoke
通常不可数，指烟草植物或加工后的烟草。
a cereal crop whose grain is commonly ground into flour
小麦
a cereal crop whose grain is commonly ground into flour
The farmer plans to grow wheat in this field next year.
农夫计划明年在这块地里种小麦。
grow wheat 表示种植小麦
The mill grinds wheat into flour for local bakeries.
这家磨坊把小麦磨成面粉，供应当地面包店。
wheat 指用于磨面粉的谷物
Wheat is uncountable as a crop or grain. Use a grain of wheat for one seed and a field of wheat for an area where it grows.
a nut with a hard, ridged shell and an edible kernel in two main halves
核桃
a nut with a hard, ridged shell and an edible kernel in two main halves
He cracked a walnut and carefully removed the kernel.
他敲开一颗核桃，小心地取出了核桃仁。
a walnut 指一颗完整的核桃
Fold the chopped walnuts into the cake mixture.
把切碎的核桃仁轻轻拌入蛋糕糊中。
chopped walnuts 在食谱中指切碎的核桃仁
Walnut is countable for a whole nut. Use walnuts in recipes for the edible kernels, with the shell removed.
a living thing that grows in soil and usually has leaves; a factory or a place where power is produced; to put seeds or young plants in the ground so that they can grow
植物；工厂；发电厂；种植
a living thing that grows in soil and usually has leaves
Remember to water the plants every week.
记得每周给植物浇水。
water the plants
The science class studied how plants grow.
科学课学习了植物如何生长。
how plants grow
plant 作名词时指植物。
a factory or a place where power is produced
The town built a new power plant.
这个城镇建了一座新发电厂。
a new power plant
Her father works at a car plant.
她父亲在一家汽车厂工作。
works at a car plant
此义常见于 power plant，指发电厂。
to put seeds or young plants in the ground so that they can grow
Students planted trees near the playground.
学生们在操场附近种了树。
planted trees
We planted tomato seeds in spring.
我们在春天种下了番茄种子。
planted tomato seeds
plant 作动词时常接树、种子、花等。
a tall plant with a wooden trunk and branches
树
a tall plant with a wooden trunk and branches
We planted a tree behind the classroom.
我们在教室后面种了一棵树。
planted a tree
The children sat under a tree to eat lunch.
孩子们坐在树下吃午饭。
under a tree
tree 是可数名词。
one of the flat green parts that grow from a plant or tree
叶；叶子
one of the flat green parts that grow from a plant or tree
A yellow leaf fell from the tree.
一片黄叶从树上落下。
A yellow leaf
The leaves turn red in autumn.
树叶在秋天变红。
The leaves
The plural of leaf is leaves.
the part of a plant that grows into the ground and takes in water; the basic cause or origin of something; the basic part of a word that carries its central meaning
根；根源；起因；起源；词根
the part of a plant that grows into the ground and takes in water
The tree's roots had lifted several paving stones.
树根已经顶起了好几块铺路石。
a plant's roots
A plant's roots anchor it and absorb water and nutrients; roots may spread widely underground.
the basic cause or origin of something
A broken pipe was at the root of the damp problem.
一根破裂的水管是房屋受潮问题的根源。
at the root of a problem
Her family has roots in a small fishing village.
她的家族起源于一个小渔村。
roots: family origins
The root of a problem is its underlying cause; someone's roots can refer to their family or cultural origins.
the basic part of a word that carries its central meaning
In the word 'careless', 'care' is the root and '-less' means without.
在 careless 一词中，care 是词根，-less 表示没有。
root: the central part of a word
A word root carries the main meaning; prefixes and suffixes can add to or change it.
to become larger or develop over time; to produce plants or crops by caring for them
生长；长大；种植；栽培
to become larger or develop over time
The seedlings grow quickly in warm sunlight.
幼苗在温暖阳光下长得很快。
grow quickly
Grow is intransitive when a plant, person, or thing becomes larger.
to produce plants or crops by caring for them
My grandparents grow vegetables behind their house.
我的祖父母在房子后面种蔬菜。
grow vegetables
Farmers grow rice in the wet fields near the river.
农民在河边的水田里种植水稻。
grow rice
Grow is transitive when a person produces plants or crops.
the process of becoming larger or developing
生长；增长
the process of becoming larger or developing
The plant showed rapid growth after the rain.
雨后，这株植物生长很快。
rapid growth
The town has seen growth in tourism recently.
这座小镇最近旅游业有所增长。
growth in tourism
Growth is uncountable for development or increase.
ready to eat or fully developed
成熟的
ready to eat or fully developed
The mango is ripe enough to eat now.
这个芒果现在已经熟了可以吃。
ripe fruit
The conditions are ripe for change.
条件已经成熟，可以改变了。
ripe for change
Use ripe for fruit ready to eat and ripe for change when conditions have developed enough.
to become ripe
成熟
to become ripe
The bananas will ripen in a few days.
香蕉几天后会成熟。
fruit ripens
Sunlight helps tomatoes ripen on the vine.
阳光帮助番茄在藤上成熟。
ripen on the vine
Here ripen is intransitive: the fruit itself becomes ripe.
the hard material from trees used for building or making things
木材；木头
the hard material from trees used for building or making things
This table is made of wood.
这张桌子是木头做的。
made of wood
He picked up a piece of wood.
他捡起了一块木头。
a piece of wood
wood 作材料时通常不可数；一块木头可说 a piece of wood。
made of wood; not natural or relaxed
木制的；呆板的
made of wood; not natural or relaxed
The old wooden chair needs repairing.
那把旧木椅需要修理。
wooden chair
His wooden smile did not look natural.
他僵硬的笑容看起来并不自然。
wooden smile
wooden 可指木制品，也可形容笑容或表演不自然。
a small area of land covered with trees
树林
a small area of land covered with trees
They built a camp in the woods.
他们在树林里搭了营。
in the woods
We walked through the woods after lunch.
午饭后我们穿过了树林。
through the woods
woods 常以复数形式出现，表示一片树林。
a substance that makes air, water, or land dirty or harmful
Factories must reduce harmful air pollutants.
工厂必须减少有害空气污染物。
harmful air pollutants
The river was tested for chemical pollutants.
这条河接受了化学污染物检测。
chemical pollutants
pollutant 指造成污染的物质；复数 pollutants 常见。
to make air, water, or land dirty and harmful
污染
to make air, water, or land dirty and harmful
Cars can pollute the air in cities.
汽车会污染城市空气。
pollute the air
Do not pollute the river with rubbish.
不要用垃圾污染河流。
pollute the river
pollute 后常接 air、water、river 等环境名词。
the process or result of making air, water, or land dirty
污染
the process or result of making air, water, or land dirty
Air pollution is a serious problem in some cities.
空气污染是一些城市的严重问题。
Air pollution
The project aims to reduce water pollution.
该项目旨在减少水污染。
reduce water pollution
pollution 通常不可数；前面的名词可说明污染类型。
polluted air that forms a thick haze
烟雾
polluted air that forms a thick haze
Thick smog hid the tops of the buildings.
浓重的烟雾遮住了楼顶。
Thick smog
The city issued a smog warning for children and older people.
这座城市向儿童和老年人发布了烟雾警报。
smog warning
smog 一词来自 smoke + fog；现代常指形成浓霾的受污染空气，通常不可数。
waste material that is thrown away
垃圾；废弃物
waste material that is thrown away
Please put the rubbish in the blue bin.
请把垃圾放进蓝色垃圾桶。
put the rubbish
Volunteers collected rubbish from the beach.
志愿者从海滩上捡了垃圾。
collected rubbish
不可数名词；英式英语常用。
an insect or other small animal that damages crops, stored food or property
害虫；有害小动物
an insect or other small animal that damages crops, stored food or property
The farmer checked the young plants for signs of pests.
农夫检查了幼苗是否有虫害迹象。
pests 指危害作物的小动物或昆虫
Fine mesh kept the pests away from the cabbages.
细密的网罩使害虫无法靠近卷心菜。
keep pests away from 表示阻止害虫接近
Pest describes an animal by the harm it causes in a particular setting; not every insect is a pest. The plural pests can include different harmful species.
a substance used to control organisms that damage plants or other useful things
杀虫剂；除害药物
a substance used to control organisms that damage plants or other useful things
The farm reduced its pesticide use by protecting insects that eat crop pests.
这家农场通过保护捕食作物害虫的昆虫，减少了农药用量。
pesticide use 表示农药使用情况
The laboratory tested the fruit for pesticide residues.
实验室检测了水果中的农药残留。
pesticide residues 指残留在样品中的农药
Pesticide is a broad term for pest-control substances, not only insect killers. A pesticide names one product; pesticide use refers to the practice in general.
a wild plant growing where it is not wanted; to remove unwanted plants from an area
杂草；除草；给……除杂草
a wild plant growing where it is not wanted
We pulled up weeds around the tomato plants.
我们拔掉番茄周围的杂草。
pulled up weeds
The path was covered with tall weeds.
小路长满高草。
tall weeds
Weed usually refers to unwanted plants in a garden.
to remove unwanted plants from an area
We weeded the vegetable patch before planting carrots.
种胡萝卜之前，我们清除了菜地里的杂草。
weeded the vegetable patch
Weed can take a garden or bed as its object; it can also be used without an object for the activity.
a long soft animal without legs
蠕虫；虫子
a long soft animal without legs
A worm wriggled across the wet soil after the rain.
雨后，一条蠕虫在湿土上蠕动。
A worm wriggled
The bird carried a worm to its nest.
鸟把虫子带回巢。
carried a worm
An earthworm lives in soil and is not an insect.
a small animal with fur that is often kept as a pet
猫
a small animal with fur that is often kept as a pet
Our cat waits by the door when it hears my steps.
我们的猫听见我的脚步声就会在门边等着。
Our cat
Please feed the cat before you leave for school.
上学前请喂猫。
feed the cat
可数名词；复数为 cats。
an animal often kept as a pet
狗
an animal often kept as a pet
She takes the dog for a walk every morning.
她每天早晨带狗散步。
takes the dog for a walk
The guide dog helped its owner cross the road.
导盲犬帮助主人过马路。
guide dog
Dog is countable.
an adult female of the cattle family; to frighten someone into doing something
奶牛；母牛；恐吓；吓唬
an adult female of the cattle family
The farmer keeps dairy cows on the hillside.
农民在山坡上养奶牛。
dairy cows
The child watched a cow drink from the trough.
孩子看着一头牛在槽里喝水。
a cow drink
The noun names the animal, especially one kept for milk.
to frighten someone into doing something
No one should cow you into changing your answer.
没人应该恐吓你改变答案。
cow you into changing
The bully tried to cow him into silence.
那个恶霸试图恐吓他保持沉默。
cow him into silence
The verb is followed by someone and into plus an -ing action.
farm animals such as cows and bulls kept for milk or meat
牛（总称）
farm animals such as cows and bulls kept for milk or meat
The cattle are grazing in the field behind the barn.
牛群正在谷仓后面的田里吃草。
cattle takes are
The farmer moved the herd of cattle to higher ground before the flood.
洪水来临前，农民把牛群转移到了地势更高的地方。
a herd of cattle
Cattle takes a plural verb and has no ordinary singular form. Use a cow, a bull or an animal when referring to one.
a male goat
公山羊
a male goat
The billy goat pushed open the farm gate.
那只公山羊顶开了农场大门。
The billy goat
We saw a billy goat climbing the rocky hill.
我们看见一只公山羊在攀爬石山。
a billy goat
billy 在此特指雄性，与 nanny goat（母山羊）相对。
a farm animal with horns and a beard
山羊
a farm animal with horns and a beard
A herd of goats climbed the rocky slope.
一群山羊爬上了岩石坡。
a herd of goats
We bought fresh goat cheese at the market.
我们在市场买了新鲜的山羊奶酪。
goat cheese
goat 可指普通山羊；goat cheese 指山羊奶酪。
an adult female chicken, especially one kept for eggs
母鸡
an adult female chicken, especially one kept for eggs
The hen laid an egg in the straw nest.
母鸡在稻草窝里下了一个蛋。
a hen laid
They keep hens for fresh eggs.
他们养母鸡以获得新鲜鸡蛋。
keep hens
Hen usually refers to a female chicken.
a bird that swims and has a broad flat beak; to lower your head quickly to avoid being hit or seen
鸭子；迅速低头；躲避
a bird that swims and has a broad flat beak
Two ducks were swimming across the pond.
两只鸭子正游过池塘。
Two ducks
We fed the ducks with small pieces of bread.
我们用小面包块喂鸭子。
fed the ducks
duck 可指一只鸭子；复数 ducks 可泛指鸭类。
to lower your head quickly to avoid being hit or seen
Duck under the table when the ball comes near.
球飞近时，赶快低头躲到桌子下面。
Duck under
He ducked when the ball flew towards his head.
球朝他的头飞来时，他迅速低头躲开。
ducked when the ball
常与 under 或 behind 连用，表示迅速躲开。
a large water bird
鹅
a large water bird
A wild goose landed near the river.
一只野鹅落在河边。
A wild goose
A flock of geese flew south for the winter.
一群鹅向南飞去过冬。
flock of geese
The plural of goose is geese, not gooses.
a large animal used for riding or pulling things
马
a large animal used for riding or pulling things
She learned to ride a horse at the farm.
她在农场学习骑马。
ride a horse
The horse race attracted visitors from nearby towns.
赛马吸引了附近城镇的游客。
horse race
Horse is countable; on horseback means riding a horse.
one of the light structures covering a bird's body
羽毛
one of the light structures covering a bird's body
A soft white feather floated down from the roof.
一根柔软的白色羽毛从屋顶飘落下来。
a feather: one light structure
The duck shook the water from its feathers after leaving the pond.
鸭子离开池塘后，抖掉了羽毛上的水。
a bird's feathers
A feather is countable. Feathers help birds keep warm, and wing and tail feathers help many birds fly.
a large strong animal used for farm work in some places
公牛；阉牛
a large strong animal used for farm work in some places
An ox pulled the cart along the muddy road.
一头阉牛拉着车沿泥泞道路前行。
an ox pulled the cart
The farmer trained a working ox to carry loads.
农民训练役牛运送货物。
a working ox
The plural of ox is irregular: oxen, not oxes.
a farm animal with a short nose and curly tail
猪
a farm animal with a short nose and curly tail
The farmer fed the pigs in the morning.
农民早上喂猪。
fed the pigs
We saw a young pig on the farm.
我们在农场看到了一只小猪。
a young pig
pig 是可数名词；复数为 pigs。
a farm animal kept for its wool or meat
绵羊
a farm animal kept for its wool or meat
A flock of sheep moved slowly across the field.
一群绵羊慢慢穿过田野。
a flock of sheep
Two sheep were resting under the tree.
两只绵羊正在树下休息。
Two sheep
sheep 的单复数形式相同：one sheep, two sheep。
a small animal with long ears; the meat of a rabbit used as food
兔；兔肉
a small animal with long ears
A white rabbit ran across the field.
一只白兔跑过田野。
A white rabbit
The children watched a rabbit disappear into its hole.
孩子们看着一只兔子钻进洞里。
a rabbit disappear
作动物名词时可数。
the meat of a rabbit used as food
Rabbit stew is served in some mountain villages.
一些山区村庄会供应炖兔肉。
Rabbit stew
The menu includes rabbit with vegetables.
菜单上有配蔬菜的兔肉。
includes rabbit
作食材时 rabbit 通常不可数。
an animal kept at home for pleasure rather than for work; to touch an animal gently and affectionately
宠物；抚摸；爱抚
an animal kept at home for pleasure rather than for work
Our family pet is a very friendly cat.
我们家的宠物是一只很友好的猫。
Our family pet
She wants to keep a pet after she moves house.
她搬家后想养一只宠物。
keep a pet
pet 通常指家庭饲养的动物。
to touch an animal gently and affectionately
The child gently petted the dog.
孩子轻轻地抚摸那只狗。
gently petted the dog
May I pet your cat?
我可以摸摸你的猫吗？
pet your cat
pet 作动词时指轻轻抚摸动物。
the natural home of a plant or animal
栖息地
the natural home of a plant or animal
The wetland is an important habitat for migrating birds.
湿地是候鸟的重要栖息地。
an important habitat
Road building can cause loss of habitat for wildlife.
修路可能导致野生动物栖息地丧失。
loss of habitat
Habitat is the place and conditions an animal or plant needs to live.
a large animal, especially a wild or frightening one
野兽；牲畜
a large animal, especially a wild or frightening one
The children heard a wild beast moving in the forest.
孩子们听见一只野兽在森林里移动。
a wild beast
In the past, horses were used as beasts of burden.
过去马被用作役畜。
beasts of burden
常指野兽；也可在 beast of burden 中指役畜。
an animal with feathers, wings, and a beak
鸟；鸟类
an animal with feathers, wings, and a beak
A bird landed on the window ledge during the lesson.
上课时，一只鸟落在了窗台上。
a bird
At sunset, birds crossed the orange sky above the lake.
日落时，鸟儿飞过湖面上方橙色的天空。
birds
复数为 birds；不纳入口语中指人的用法。
a large bird of prey with a strong hooked beak
鹰
a large bird of prey with a strong hooked beak
An eagle circled high above the mountain.
一只鹰在山顶上空盘旋。
An eagle
With eagle eyes, she noticed the tiny mistake.
她目光敏锐，发现了这个小错误。
eagle eyes
eagle 是猛禽；eagle eyes 比喻“敏锐的眼睛”。
a wild animal with pointed ears and a long bushy tail
狐狸
a wild animal with pointed ears and a long bushy tail
A red fox crossed the road before dawn.
黎明前，一只赤狐穿过了马路。
a red fox
The children spotted a fox near the edge of the forest.
孩子们在森林边缘发现了一只狐狸。
spot a fox
Fox names the animal. In stories, a fox may be described as clever, but that is a cultural image rather than a definition.
a small animal with long back legs that lives near water
青蛙
a small animal with long back legs that lives near water
A green frog jumped from the grass into the pond.
一只绿青蛙从草地跳进池塘。
a green frog
We heard frogs calling after the evening rain.
傍晚下雨后，我们听见青蛙叫。
frogs calling
Frog is countable; frogs is the regular plural.
a large black-and-white bear native to China that mainly eats bamboo
大熊猫
a large black-and-white bear native to China that mainly eats bamboo
The giant panda spends much of the day eating bamboo.
大熊猫一天中大部分时间都在吃竹子。
eat bamboo
The reserve protects giant pandas and their mountain habitat.
自然保护区保护大熊猫及其山地栖息地。
protect giant pandas
Giant panda is the full name of the animal; panda is often used as a shorter form.
a large black-and-white animal that mainly eats bamboo
大熊猫
a large black-and-white animal that mainly eats bamboo
The giant panda is famous for its black-and-white fur.
大熊猫以黑白相间的皮毛而闻名。
The giant panda
The reserve works to protect pandas and their habitat.
保护区致力于保护大熊猫及其栖息地。
protect pandas
panda 常指大熊猫；giant panda 为全称。
a tall African animal with a very long neck and legs, usually with a spotted coat
长颈鹿
a tall African animal with a very long neck and legs, usually with a spotted coat
The giraffe reached leaves near the top of the tree.
长颈鹿够到了树顶附近的叶子。
reach leaves
We watched a herd of giraffes moving across the grassland.
我们看着一群长颈鹿穿过草原。
a herd of giraffes
Giraffes use their long necks to reach leaves high in trees.
an Australian animal with powerful back legs and a long tail, whose females carry their young in a pouch
袋鼠
an Australian animal with powerful back legs and a long tail, whose females carry their young in a pouch
A kangaroo bounded across the open field.
一只袋鼠跳跃着穿过开阔的田野。
kangaroo 与表示跳跃的 bounded 搭配
The young kangaroo climbed back into its mother's pouch.
小袋鼠爬回了妈妈的育儿袋。
a kangaroo's pouch 指袋鼠的育儿袋
Kangaroo is countable, with the plural kangaroos. The final syllable carries the main stress.
a large wild cat, the male of which has a mane
狮子
a large wild cat, the male of which has a mane
The male lion rested under a tree.
雄狮在树下休息。
male lion
We saw lions at the wildlife park.
我们在野生动物园看到了狮子。
saw lions
Lion is countable; a pride is a group of lions.
a clever sea mammal with a curved fin
海豚
a clever sea mammal with a curved fin
A pod of dolphins followed the boat for a while.
一群海豚跟着船游了一会儿。
a pod of dolphins
We watched dolphins jumping above the waves.
我们观看海豚跃出浪花。
watched dolphins
Dolphin is a sea mammal; a group is commonly called a pod.
a very large animal with a long trunk and tusks
大象
a very large animal with a long trunk and tusks
The elephant used its trunk to pick up leaves.
大象用鼻子卷起树叶。
its trunk
We saw a herd of elephants near the river.
我们在河边看到一群大象。
a herd of elephants
trunk 指大象长长的鼻子；elephant 是可数名词。
a large desert animal with humps
骆驼
a large desert animal with humps
Camels can travel for days across the desert.
骆驼可以连续几天穿越沙漠。
travel across the desert
We rode a camel near the desert camp.
我们在沙漠营地附近骑了骆驼。
rode a camel
骆驼适应干旱环境，hump 指驼峰。
a small insect that lives in organised groups
蚂蚁
a small insect that lives in organised groups
A line of ants was carrying crumbs across the path.
一队蚂蚁正把碎屑搬过小路。
a line of ants 描述一列蚂蚁。
We watched an ant disappear into a crack in the wall.
我们看着一只蚂蚁钻进墙缝。
an ant 指一只蚂蚁。
ant 是可数名词，复数为 ants。 an ant colony 指蚁群；注意 ant 中 a 发 /æ/。
a small flying insect that makes honey and may sting
蜜蜂
a small flying insect that makes honey and may sting
A bee landed on the flower near the window.
一只蜜蜂落在窗边的花上。
a bee 的单数可数用法
Bees carry pollen from one flower to another.
蜜蜂把花粉从一朵花带到另一朵花。
bees 的复数泛指
复数 bees；与 be 同音。
a sharp curved nail on an animal's foot; scratch with claws
爪；钳；用爪抓；撕
a sharp curved nail on an animal's foot
The cat caught the curtain with one claw.
猫用一只爪子勾住了窗帘。
with one claw
The eagle held the fish in its powerful claws.
鹰用强有力的爪子抓着鱼。
powerful claws
A claw is the sharp curved nail of an animal such as a cat, bird, or crab.
scratch with claws
The kitten clawed at the curtain.
小猫用爪子抓窗帘。
clawed at the curtain
Claw at means try to scratch or grab with claws.
a wild hoofed animal, often with antlers on the male
鹿
a wild hoofed animal, often with antlers on the male
A deer was drinking quietly at the edge of the lake.
一只鹿正在湖边静静地喝水。
a deer was: singular
Several deer were standing among the trees.
几只鹿站在树林里。
deer were: plural
Deer has the same form in the singular and plural. Choose the verb according to how many animals are meant.
an animal that lives in water, or its flesh used as food; to try to catch fish, especially with a line or net
鱼；鱼肉；捕鱼；钓鱼
an animal that lives in water, or its flesh used as food
We saw three bright fish swimming near the rocks.
我们看见三条色彩鲜艳的鱼在岩石旁游动。
three fish 中 fish 是通常的复数形式。
The guide explained how the fishes of the deep sea survive.
导游解释了深海中不同种类的鱼如何生存。
fishes 可在强调不同种类时使用。
We ate grilled fish with rice after the match.
比赛后，我们吃了烤鱼和米饭。
fish 表示鱼肉时通常不可数。
表示多条鱼时通常仍用 fish：three fish。fishes 多用于强调不同种类，尤其在科学语境。表示鱼肉时 fish 通常不可数：some fish。
to try to catch fish, especially with a line or net
Early in the morning, local people fish in the river for trout.
清晨，当地人在河里钓鳟鱼。
fish in + 地点 / fish for + 鱼类。
fish for + 鱼类；go fishing 是更常见的“去钓鱼”表达。
the thick hair covering an animal, or animal skin with it
毛皮；软毛
the thick hair covering an animal, or animal skin with it
The rabbit’s thick fur keeps it warm in winter.
兔子浓密的毛在冬天使它保暖。
thick fur
The cat left white fur on the sofa.
猫在沙发上留下了白色软毛。
white fur
通常不可数；指动物身上的软毛或制成的皮毛。
a small orange fish often kept in a bowl or tank
金鱼
a small orange fish often kept in a bowl or tank
They keep two goldfish in a small tank.
他们在小鱼缸里养了两条金鱼。
keep goldfish
The goldfish bowl needs clean water every week.
金鱼缸每周都需要换干净的水。
the goldfish bowl
Goldfish has the same form in the singular and plural when referring to fish.
to come out of an egg, or cause eggs to produce young; to secretly develop a plan
孵化；破壳而出；使孵出；策划；密谋
to come out of an egg, or cause eggs to produce young
The children watched a chick hatch from its egg.
孩子们看着一只小鸡破壳而出。
hatch from an egg
The farmer uses an incubator to hatch chicks.
农民用孵化器孵小鸡。
hatch chicks: cause them to emerge from eggs
An egg can hatch, and a young animal can hatch from an egg. Hatch can also take an object when something causes eggs to produce young.
to secretly develop a plan
They hatched a plan to surprise their grandmother on her birthday.
他们悄悄策划，要在祖母生日时给她一个惊喜。
hatch a plan
Hatch a plan suggests creating it secretly; the plan may be mischievous or simply a surprise.
to chase and catch or kill animals; to search carefully for something
猎取；猎杀；搜寻
to chase and catch or kill animals
The wolf hunts small animals at night.
狼在夜间猎取小动物。
hunt animals
As a transitive verb, hunt takes the animals being pursued as its object.
to search carefully for something
They hunted for the missing key in the grass.
他们在草地里寻找丢失的钥匙。
hunt for
We hunted around for a quiet place to sit.
我们四处寻找一个安静的坐处。
hunt around
Hunt for is an intransitive pattern meaning search for something.
a person or animal that hunts animals
猎手；捕猎动物
a person or animal that hunts animals
The eagle is a skilled hunter of small animals.
鹰是捕猎小动物的高手。
a skilled hunter
The story follows a young deer hunter in the mountains.
这个故事讲述一位年轻猎人在山中的经历。
young deer hunter
Hunter can name a person or an animal that hunts.
living or growing in nature, not controlled by people
野生的；自然环境中的
living or growing in nature, not controlled by people
Wild animals should not be fed by visitors.
游客不应该喂食野生动物。
Wild animals
These flowers grow in the wild.
这些花在野外生长。
in the wild
wild animals 指野生动物；in the wild 指在自然环境中。
wild animals and, more broadly, other living things in natural habitats
野生生物；野生动植物（总称）
wild animals and, more broadly, other living things in natural habitats
The new reserve gives local wildlife a safe place to live.
这个新保护区为当地野生生物提供了安全的栖息地。
wildlife 是不可数总称。
Tourists must not feed wildlife in the national park.
游客不得在国家公园给野生动物喂食。
feed wildlife 中 wildlife 不加复数词尾。
通常作不可数名词，用单数谓语，不说 wildlifes。
a primate, often with a long tail, that lives mainly in hot countries
猴子
a primate, often with a long tail, that lives mainly in hot countries
The baby monkey held its mother's hand.
小猴子抓着母亲的手。
baby monkey
We watched monkeys in the trees.
我们看着树上的猴子。
watched monkeys
Monkey is countable.
a small flying insect whose female can bite and suck blood
蚊子
a small flying insect whose female can bite and suck blood
A mosquito buzzed around my ear as I tried to sleep.
我试着入睡时，一只蚊子在耳边嗡嗡飞。
mosquito: a flying insect
We slept under a mosquito net in the cabin.
我们在小屋里睡在蚊帐下。
mosquito net
Mosquito has the common plural mosquitoes. Mosquito net means a fine net used to keep mosquitoes away.
a home built or used by a bird or other animal; a hidden place or group associated with harmful activity; to build or occupy a nest
鸟巢；鸟窝；动物巢穴；秘密窝点；（坏人的）一伙；筑巢；在巢中栖居
a home built or used by a bird or other animal
The robin carried dry grass to its nest in the hedge.
知更鸟把干草衔到树篱里的鸟巢中。
a bird's nest
We found a nest of mice beneath the old shed.
我们在旧棚屋下面发现了一窝老鼠。
a nest of mice
A nest is a place where animals rest or raise their young; nests are not limited to birds.
a hidden place or group associated with harmful activity
In the story, the deserted house turns out to be a nest of thieves.
故事里，那座废弃的房子原来是盗贼的窝点。
a nest of thieves
This figurative use is disapproving and usually appears with of plus a group of people.
to build or occupy a nest
Swallows nest under the roof of the old barn every spring.
每年春天，燕子都在旧谷仓的屋檐下筑巢。
nest under
Nest as a verb describes where birds or other animals make their home or raise young.
a tropical bird that can copy sounds; to repeat words without thinking about them
鹦鹉；机械重复
a tropical bird that can copy sounds
The pet parrot copied the sound of the doorbell.
那只宠物鹦鹉模仿了门铃声。
pet parrot
名词指会模仿声音的热带鸟。
to repeat words without thinking about them
Students should not simply parrot the teacher’s words.
学生不应只是机械重复老师的话。
parrot the teacher’s words
动词常带贬义，指不加思考地重复。
a black-and-white bird that cannot fly and lives mainly in cold regions
企鹅
a black-and-white bird that cannot fly and lives mainly in cold regions
The children watched penguins swim underwater.
孩子们观看企鹅在水下游泳。
penguins swim
An emperor penguin can survive in very cold weather.
帝企鹅能在非常寒冷的天气中生存。
An emperor penguin
penguin 是不会飞的鸟类，常生活在寒冷地区。
an adult male chicken
公鸡
an adult male chicken
The rooster woke us before sunrise.
公鸡在日出前叫醒了我们。
The rooster woke us
A colourful rooster walked around the farmyard.
一只色彩鲜艳的公鸡在农家院子里走。
colourful rooster
A rooster is a male chicken; a hen is a female chicken.
a small common brown-and-grey bird
麻雀
a small common brown-and-grey bird
A sparrow landed on the windowsill.
一只麻雀落在窗台上。
A sparrow landed
A flock of sparrows searched for seeds.
一群麻雀寻找种子。
flock of sparrows
A sparrow is a small bird often seen near houses and gardens.
a small animal with a long, bushy tail that often climbs trees and eats nuts or seeds
松鼠
a small animal with a long, bushy tail that often climbs trees and eats nuts or seeds
A squirrel ran along the branch with a nut in its mouth.
一只松鼠嘴里叼着坚果，沿着树枝奔跑。
squirrel 指有蓬松长尾的松鼠
We watched two squirrels chase each other around the tree.
我们看着两只松鼠绕着树互相追逐。
squirrels 为规则复数形式
Squirrel is countable. The usual British pronunciation has two syllables; the first contains /skw/, not just /sk/.
a rodent with a long tail, usually larger than a mouse
大老鼠；鼠
a rodent with a long tail, usually larger than a mouse
A brown rat slipped through a gap beneath the garden fence.
一只褐色的大老鼠从花园栅栏下的缝隙钻了过去。
rat: a rodent
The camera caught a rat carrying a piece of bread behind the bins.
摄像头拍到一只大老鼠叼着一块面包，跑到垃圾桶后面。
a rat carrying food
A rat is usually larger than a mouse. Both words name rodents, but they are not interchangeable animal names.
a large sea fish with sharp teeth
鲨鱼
a large sea fish with sharp teeth
A small shark swam past the glass tunnel.
一条小鲨鱼游过玻璃隧道。
a small shark
The guide showed us a school of sharks in the distance.
导游指给我们看远处的一群鲨鱼。
a school of sharks
shark 是海洋鱼类名词；school 此处指鱼群。
a sea animal with flippers that lives near coasts
海豹
a sea animal with flippers that lives near coasts
We watched seals resting on the rocks.
我们看到海豹在岩石上休息。
watch seals
The baby seal slipped into the cold water.
小海豹滑进了冷水中。
a baby seal
Use this noun for the sea animal; it is unrelated in meaning to the stamp or verb seal.
an official mark or a device used to close something; to close something tightly so that air or liquid cannot enter or leave
印章；封条；封住；密封
an official mark or a device used to close something
The document carries the school’s official seal.
这份文件盖有学校的正式印章。
official seal
Use seal as a noun for an official mark, stamp, or closing strip.
to close something tightly so that air or liquid cannot enter or leave
Please seal the box before posting it.
寄出前请把盒子封好。
seal the box
Use seal + object for closing a container so that air or liquid cannot enter or leave.
a very large animal that lives in the sea
鲸
a very large animal that lives in the sea
We saw a blue whale from the boat.
我们从船上看见了一头蓝鲸。
a blue whale
A pod of whales was swimming near the shore.
一群鲸正在岸边附近游泳。
a pod of whales
whale 是可数名词；一群鲸常说 a pod of whales。
a large wild cat with orange fur and black stripes
老虎
a large wild cat with orange fur and black stripes
The tiger moved silently through the tall grass.
老虎悄悄穿过高草丛。
the tiger moved
The children learned about tiger protection at the zoo.
孩子们在动物园了解了老虎保护知识。
tiger protection
tiger 的复数直接加 -s。
a reptile with a hard shell that lives on land
陆龟
a reptile with a hard shell that lives on land
The tortoise moved slowly across the path.
陆龟慢慢爬过小路。
a pet tortoise
Her pet tortoise likes fresh leaves.
她的宠物陆龟喜欢新鲜叶子。
tortoise shell
A tortoise lives mainly on land; do not confuse it with a turtle that commonly lives in water.
an African wild animal like a horse with black and white stripes
斑马
an African wild animal like a horse with black and white stripes
A zebra's black-and-white stripes are easy to recognise.
斑马黑白相间的条纹很容易辨认。
A zebra's black-and-white stripes
A herd of zebras moved across the grassland.
一群斑马穿过草原。
A herd of zebras
zebra 的复数直接加 -s；其条纹常说 zebra stripes。
a wild animal like a large dog that lives and hunts in groups
狼
a wild animal like a large dog that lives and hunts in groups
A pack of wolves crossed the snowy field.
一群狼穿过了雪地。
A pack of wolves
The story is about a lone wolf in the forest.
这个故事讲的是森林里的一只孤狼。
a lone wolf
wolf 的复数是 wolves。
a place where wild animals are kept so that people can see them
We are going to the zoo on Saturday.
我们星期六要去动物园。
going to the zoo
The children saw pandas at the zoo.
孩子们在动物园看到了熊猫。
at the zoo
zoo 前通常用 the，表示去某个动物园。
the long back part of an animal or object
尾巴；尾部
the long back part of an animal or object
The dog wagged its tail when it saw its owner.
小狗看到主人时摇起了尾巴。
wagged its tail
We sat near the tail of the plane.
我们坐在飞机尾部附近。
the tail of
tail of 也可指队伍、飞机等的末端。
one of the parts that birds and planes use for flying
翅膀；机翼；侧翼
one of the parts that birds and planes use for flying
The bird spread its wings and flew away.
鸟展开翅膀飞走了。
spread its wings
Our seats are over the left wing of the plane.
我们的座位在飞机左翼上方。
the left wing
wing 也可指建筑物或飞机的侧翼。
the main woody stem of a tree; an elephant's long flexible nose; a large storage box or the luggage compartment of a car
树干；象鼻；大旅行箱；（汽车的）行李厢
the main woody stem of a tree
The children measured the trunk of the oldest oak in the park.
孩子们测量了公园里最老的橡树的树干。
tree trunk
The trunk supports a tree's branches; it is distinct from roots below and smaller branches above.
an elephant's long flexible nose
The elephant lifted a branch with its trunk.
大象用鼻子卷起了一根树枝。
elephant's trunk
An elephant uses its trunk for smelling, breathing and handling objects.
a large storage box or the luggage compartment of a car
We found old letters in a wooden trunk in the attic.
我们在阁楼的木制大箱子里发现了旧信件。
trunk: a storage box
He put the suitcases in the trunk of the car.
他把行李箱放进汽车后备厢。
car trunk: American English
Trunk is the usual American word for a car's luggage compartment; British English commonly uses boot.
move from side to side
摇摆；摆动
move from side to side
The dog wagged its tail when I came home.
我回家时狗摇着尾巴。
wagged its tail
She wagged her finger to warn him.
她摇动手指警告他。
wagged her finger
Wag is often used for an animal moving its tail.
a long thin animal with no legs; to move or go in a twisting line
蛇；蛇行；蜿蜒前进
a long thin animal with no legs
We saw a small snake disappear into the grass.
我们看见一条小蛇钻进草丛。
small snake
The guide warned us about snake bites on the trail.
向导提醒我们小径上要防蛇咬。
snake bites
不要靠近野外不认识的蛇。
to move or go in a twisting line
The path snakes through the trees to the lake.
小路穿过树林蜿蜒通向湖边。
snakes through
A line of cars snaked slowly along the mountain road.
一长列汽车沿着山路缓慢蜿蜒前行。
snaked along
常用来描述道路、河流或人群曲折延伸。
to move food, drink or another substance from the mouth into the stomach; a small bird with long pointed wings and usually a forked tail
吞下；咽下；燕子
to move food, drink or another substance from the mouth into the stomach
She chewed the bread carefully before swallowing it.
她仔细嚼了嚼面包，然后才咽下去。
swallow 与 chew 区分吞咽和咀嚼
Swallow follows chewing for solid food: chew breaks it into smaller pieces; swallow moves it down the throat. It can be used with or without a direct object.
a small bird with long pointed wings and usually a forked tail
A swallow built its nest under the roof of the barn.
一只燕子在谷仓屋檐下筑了巢。
a swallow 指一只燕子，与动词吞咽同形同音
Swallow is also the countable name of a bird. This noun has the same spelling and pronunciation as the verb for swallowing.
a device for catching something or a situation difficult to escape; to prevent someone or something from escaping
捕捉器；夹子；圈套；陷阱；困境；使落入圈套；困住；留住；储存
a device for catching something or a situation difficult to escape
The rescue worker checked the humane trap for the stray cat.
救助人员查看活捕笼里是否有那只流浪猫。
trap: a catching device
The hero fell into a trap when he trusted the false guide.
主人公相信了冒牌向导，结果落入圈套。
fall into a trap
A trap can be a physical device or a deceptive situation that catches someone unprepared.
to prevent someone or something from escaping
A fallen branch trapped the bicycle against the wall.
一根落下的树枝把自行车卡在了墙边。
trap something: stop it moving free
The thick curtains trap warm air inside the room.
厚窗帘把暖空气留在房间里。
trap air: prevent it from escaping
Trap may hold a person physically, trick them into a situation or keep heat and air from escaping.
a thin mark made by something sharp; to rub skin with your nails or damage a surface with a sharp object
划痕；抓痕；抓；搔；划伤
a thin mark made by something sharp
There is a scratch on the car door.
车门上有一道划痕。
scratch on the car
The phone survived without a scratch.
手机毫无划痕。
without a scratch
A scratch is a small surface mark, often on skin, paint, or glass.
to rub skin with your nails or damage a surface with a sharp object
Try not to scratch your arm, even if it itches.
即使手臂发痒，也尽量不要抓。
scratch your arm
The broken zip scratched the wooden table.
坏掉的拉链划伤了木桌。
scratched the wooden table
Scratch can mean rubbing an itch or leaving a mark; the object makes the meaning clear.
the planet on which we live; the soft material on the ground in which plants grow
地球；泥土；土壤
the planet on which we live
The Earth moves around the sun.
地球绕着太阳转。
The Earth
Astronauts saw the Earth from space.
宇航员从太空看到了地球。
the Earth
指地球时通常首字母大写：the Earth。
the soft material on the ground in which plants grow
The children dug into the earth to plant a tree.
孩子们在土里挖坑种树。
dug into the earth
The rain turned the dry earth dark.
雨水把干燥的土地变暗了。
dry earth
该义通常不可数，指地面上的土。
the solid surface of the earth
地面；土地
the solid surface of the earth
The children sat on the ground under the tree.
孩子们坐在树下的地上。
on the ground
The rain made the ground too wet for the match.
雨水使场地太湿，无法比赛。
wet ground
Ground is usually uncountable for the earth's surface.
an area of land that is higher than the land around it but smaller than a mountain
小山；山丘
an area of land that is higher than the land around it but smaller than a mountain
We climbed the hill to see the sunset.
我们爬上小山看日落。
climb a hill
A small house stands on the hill above the village.
村庄上方的山丘上有一座小房子。
on a hill
Hill is countable and usually smaller than a mountain.
having many hills
The route is hilly, so bring enough water.
路线多山丘，所以要带够水。
hilly route
They cycled through hilly country near the coast.
他们骑车穿过海岸附近的丘陵地带。
hilly country
Hilly describes land with many hills.
a large area of water surrounded by land
湖；湖泊
a large area of water surrounded by land
We had a picnic by the lake.
我们在湖边野餐。
by the lake
The mountain lake was clear and cold.
山中湖泊清澈而寒冷。
mountain lake
Lake is countable; use by the lake for a place beside it.
an area of sand or small stones beside the sea or a lake; to bring a boat onto a beach
海滩；湖滩；使（船）搁浅在岸边
an area of sand or small stones beside the sea or a lake
We collected rubbish on the beach after the picnic.
野餐后我们在海滩上捡垃圾。
on the beach
The children built a sandcastle on a quiet beach.
孩子们在一处安静的海滩上堆沙堡。
a quiet beach
常用 on/at/to the beach；beach 不等于 sea，前者是水边陆地。
to bring a boat onto a beach
The fishermen beached the boat before the storm arrived.
暴风雨来临前，渔民把船拖到岸边搁浅。
beach the boat
Volunteers tried to help a beached whale return to the sea.
志愿者试图帮助一头搁浅的鲸回到海里。
a beached whale
较书面；be beached 还可指鲸等动物搁浅。
a large area of land covered with many trees
森林
a large area of land covered with many trees
A narrow path led us through the dense forest.
一条狭窄的小路带我们穿过茂密的森林。
dense forest
Volunteers planted young trees to protect the forest soil.
志愿者种下幼树以保护森林土壤。
protect the forest
A forest is larger and denser than a small group of trees or a garden.
a thick tropical forest with tangled plants
热带丛林；密林
a thick tropical forest with tangled plants
The narrow trail disappeared into dense jungle.
狭窄的小径延伸进茂密的丛林，消失不见。
dense jungle
At dawn, calls from birds echoed deep in the jungle.
黎明时，鸟鸣在丛林深处回荡。
deep in the jungle
Jungle suggests dense tropical vegetation that is difficult to move through.
a large natural stream of water flowing across land
河；江
a large natural stream of water flowing across land
A bridge crosses the river near our school.
学校附近有一座桥横跨这条河。
crosses the river
They had a picnic on the river bank.
他们在河岸上野餐。
river bank
专有河名通常用 the。
a small narrow river
小溪；水流
a small narrow river
A clear stream runs behind the village.
村庄后面流着一条清澈的小溪。
cross a stream
We crossed the stream on stepping stones.
我们踩着踏脚石过了小溪。
a clear stream
A stream is smaller than a river and can also mean a continuous flow.
a small area of still water
池塘
a small area of still water
Frogs were jumping near the pond.
青蛙在池塘边跳。
near the pond
The garden pond reflected the moonlight.
花园池塘倒映着月光。
garden pond
A pond is smaller than a lake and usually has still water.
a small area of water, especially one used for swimming
水池；游泳池
a small area of water, especially one used for swimming
We went to the swimming pool after class.
下课后我们去了游泳池。
the swimming pool
The children were playing in the pool.
孩子们在游泳池里玩。
in the pool
pool 常指游泳池；swimming pool 为全称。
not deep or not thoughtful; a shallow part of a sea, lake, or river
浅的；肤浅的；[复数 shallows] 浅滩；浅水处
not deep or not thoughtful
The children played in the shallow water.
孩子们在浅水中玩耍。
shallow water
His answer was too shallow for the question.
他的回答对这个问题来说太肤浅。
too shallow
Shallow water is not deep; a shallow answer lacks serious thought.
a shallow part of a sea, lake, or river
Small fish were swimming in the shallows.
小鱼在浅水处游动。
in the shallows
We waded into the shallows near the beach.
我们涉水走进海滩附近的浅水区。
into the shallows
This noun normally occurs in the plural form shallows.
in or relating to the sea away from the coast
近海的；离岸的
in or relating to the sea away from the coast
Strong offshore winds made sailing difficult.
强劲的离岸风让航行变得困难。
offshore winds
The company built an offshore wind farm.
这家公司建造了一个海上风电场。
offshore wind farm
Offshore is usually used before a noun for something located away from the coast.
existing in nature and not made or changed by people; normal, easy, and not forced or surprising
自然的；天然的；自然的；合乎常理的
existing in nature and not made or changed by people
The park protects the area's natural environment.
这座公园保护该地区的自然环境。
natural environment
Cotton is a natural material.
棉花是一种天然材料。
natural material
Natural often contrasts with artificial or man-made.
normal, easy, and not forced or surprising
Her smile looked natural in the photo.
她在照片中的笑容看起来自然。
looked natural
It is natural to feel nervous before a speech.
演讲前感到紧张是很自然的。
It is natural to
This use describes behaviour, language, or reactions that seem normal and unforced.
the physical world, including plants, animals, and landscapes; the basic character or quality of a person or thing
大自然；自然界；本质；天性
the physical world, including plants, animals, and landscapes
The children learned about nature by watching birds in the forest.
孩子们通过观察森林里的鸟来了解大自然。
learned about nature
Spending time in nature helped him relax.
在大自然中度过时光帮助他放松。
in nature
Nature is usually uncountable when it means the natural world.
the basic character or quality of a person or thing
By nature, Mei is patient and careful.
梅天性耐心细致。
By nature
The talk explained the nature of the problem.
这场讲座解释了问题的本质。
the nature of
Use by nature to describe a person's usual character.
the natural features of a place considered as a view; the painted backgrounds and structures used to show a place in a play
风景；景色；舞台布景
the natural features of a place considered as a view
We stopped beside the lake to enjoy the mountain scenery.
我们在湖边停下来欣赏山间风景。
mountain scenery 指山间整体景色
Scenery is uncountable: say beautiful scenery, not a scenery or sceneries. It refers to the overall landscape rather than one specific scene.
the painted backgrounds and structures used to show a place in a play
The students painted the scenery for the school play.
学生们为学校的戏剧演出绘制了布景。
scenery 此处指舞台布景
This is also uncountable. It refers to the visual setting built for a performance, not to the scenes into which the play is divided.
the earth and all the people and places on it, or a particular area of activity
世界；领域
the earth and all the people and places on it, or a particular area of activity
People around the world watched the match.
世界各地的人们观看了比赛。
around the world
She is interested in the world of art.
她对艺术领域感兴趣。
the world of art
around the world 表示“环游世界/在世界各地”。
an area defined by a feature, purpose or rule
区域；地区；地带
an area defined by a feature, purpose or rule
Cars are not allowed in the pedestrian zone near the market.
市场附近的步行区不允许汽车进入。
pedestrian zone
We crossed several time zones on the flight.
我们在飞行途中跨越了几个时区。
time zone
Zone usually marks an area with a particular use, condition or rule, rather than any place at random.
a large administrative region within a country; an area of knowledge or responsibility
省；省份；领域；职责范围
a large administrative region within a country
She grew up in a coastal province and learnt to swim at an early age.
她在一个沿海省份长大，很小就学会了游泳。
a coastal province
Province names an administrative area. Use the country or the province's name when the location needs to be clear.
an area of knowledge or responsibility
The design is my responsibility, but the wiring is the electrician's province.
设计由我负责，但布线是电工的职责范围。
someone's province: their area of responsibility
This formal sense describes work or knowledge that belongs to a particular person or group.