the money paid for a journey by bus, train, taxi, or other transport

Fare is the price of a journey. It is different from fair, meaning '公正的'.

a boat that carries people or vehicles across water

A ferry is a transport boat with a regular crossing route, not a private small boat.

an aircraft lifted by large rotating blades that can take off and land vertically

Use by helicopter for the means of transport, without an article. Use a helicopter when referring to one aircraft.

to become faster or make a process happen faster

Accelerate can stand alone for an increase in speed or take the process being made faster as its object.

a machine that makes a vehicle move

engine 常指汽车、飞机等的动力装置。

a small vehicle that travels on water

go by boat 表示“乘船”，不需要冠词。

to travel or carry something by boat

动词义较少见，但可见于 boat across/up/down + 水域；不要与名词 boat 混作同一义项。

the activity of travelling or spending time in a boat

boating 通常作不可数活动名词：go boating 表示“去划船”。若说一次出游，可用 a boating trip。

a sheltered place where ships can stay

Harbor is the American spelling; British English usually spells it harbour.

an area of sea partly enclosed by land

A bay curves into the coast and remains open to a larger body of water.

a structure that carries a road or path across water or a gap

作名词指跨越水面或空隙的桥；常用 cross a bridge。

to make a connection between people, ideas, or groups

作动词常用 bridge the gap 或 bridge the divide，表示弥合差距或分歧。

a wall built across a river to hold back water

A dam is built across a river to hold water back for storage or power.

a long hard surface for vehicles to travel on

常用于交通和路线语境。

work being done to repair or improve a road

英式英语中通常作复数使用。

a road in a town or city with houses or other buildings along it

街道名称常用 on：on Green Street。

a raised path beside a road for people walking

In British English, pavement means the path for pedestrians beside a road; sidewalk is the usual American term.

vehicles moving along roads, or the movement of vehicles

traffic 通常不可数；heavy traffic 指车流量大。

a public area of land with grass, trees, and places to relax

park 作名词时指供公众休闲的公园。

to leave a vehicle in a particular place

park 作动词时后常接 car 等车辆。

the act of leaving a vehicle, or an area where vehicles can be left

parking 常不可数；parking space 指一个停车位。

a city vehicle that runs on rails

A tram is a city passenger vehicle that runs on rails.

the area beside a railway track where passengers get on or off trains

站台编号前通常不用冠词，如 platform 3。

a raised surface for standing, performing, or speaking

表示供人站立、表演或发言的高起平面。

an online system or service through which people communicate or work

常用于数字服务、学习或交流语境。

a piece of paper or electronic record that allows entry or travel

a return ticket 指往返票。

located or happening below the surface of the ground

underground 作形容词时放在名词前。

below the ground, or by the Underground railway

travel underground 可指乘地铁出行；the Underground 特指伦敦地铁。

an occasion of travelling from one place to another

Journey focuses on travelling from one place to another; it is often used for a longer trip.

in or to a country that is not your own country

abroad 是副词，前面通常不加 to；说 go abroad，不说 go to abroad。

connected with a country that is not your own

Foreign describes people, places, languages, or goods connected with another country.

strange because it is not known or understood

This sense describes an idea, feeling, or situation that seems unfamiliar, not necessarily something from another country.

a person who comes from a country that is not the one being discussed

Foreigner is defined by context: it means someone from another country, not a person of any particular nationality.

one of the Earth's very large land areas, such as Africa or Asia

Continent is countable. On a continent describes location; across a continent describes movement or a wide distribution. A continent is not the same as a country.

relating to the whole world

Global describes matters affecting or involving many parts of the world.

considering all parts of something together

In this formal sense, global refers to a whole system or situation, not necessarily the world.

the Earth, considered as a whole

The globe means the Earth and usually takes the.

a ball-shaped model of Earth or another round object

A globe is countable when it is a physical object, such as a map of Earth on a ball or a round glass cover.

an official document giving permission to do something

Licence is the British noun spelling; American English usually uses license for the noun too.

an official document giving permission

License is the usual American spelling; in British English licence is normally the noun spelling.

the activity of going from place to place

travel 作名词时通常不可数。

to go from one place to another, especially on a journey

travel 作不及物动词时不直接接地点宾语。

a person who is travelling from one place to another

本卡展示 traveler；BrE 常拼作 traveller，AmE 常拼作 traveler。

a journey to a place and back, often for a particular purpose

trip 通常指较短、目的明确的旅行。

to hit your foot against something and almost fall

trip over 后接使人绊倒的物体。

a journey around a place or several places

go on a tour 表示参加旅行或参观。

to visit places as part of a journey or performance

tour 后可直接接所游览的地点。

the business and activity of people travelling for pleasure

tourism 通常不可数。

a person who travels for pleasure

tourist attraction 指旅游景点。

a way from one place to another

Route is the planned way used by a bus, train, or traveller.

a way from one place to another

A path is usually a narrow way for people to walk along.

a path or marks left behind

A trail can be a path or a line of signs left by someone or something.

to move on foot

walk 作不及物动词时不直接接地点宾语；地点前常用 to。

a short journey on foot for pleasure or exercise

go for a walk 是“去散步”的固定说法。

to arrive at a place, level, or goal, or to stretch far enough to touch something

reach 后直接接地点或目标，不用 reach to a place。

to achieve a level or goal, or contact someone

reach 后直接接目标；reach sb 可表示联系到某人。

the distance or range that can be reached; a stretch of a river

within reach/out of reach 常指够得着或能力所及。

an outlying or remote area of a country or region

常用复数 reaches，指遥远难到达的地区或范围。

to sit on and control or travel on a bicycle, horse, or similar vehicle

过去式 rode，过去分词 ridden。

a journey on a bicycle, horse, or vehicle

可数名词。

to remain in a place instead of leaving

stay + 地点，表示“留在某处”；住宿时常说 stay in a hotel。

to continue to be in a particular state

stay + 形容词，表示保持某种状态。

to move around without a fixed route or drift away from a place

Wander suggests no firm route or purpose; wander off means move away from the place or group where one was.

to move away from the subject in thought or speech

A mind that wanders stops paying attention to the present task or topic.

to follow a winding course

For a road, path or stream, wander describes a course with gentle changes of direction.

to move or make someone move very quickly

rush to + 地点；rush sb 表示催促。

a sudden hurried activity or a period of great demand

in a rush 表示“匆忙地”。

to send something through the air with your hand

throw away 表示“扔掉”。

a small strong vehicle designed for rough ground

Jeep is capitalized because it is a brand name used for this type of vehicle.

a large container for storing liquid or gas

In this countable sense, a tank stores water, fuel, or another substance.

a heavily armoured military vehicle that moves on tracks

This countable sense refers to a military vehicle, not a container.

the rubber covering of a wheel

Tyre is British spelling; American English uses tire.

a circular object that turns to make a vehicle move

behind the wheel 指坐在驾驶位上。

the path of an object moving around a planet

An orbit is the curved path followed by a planet, moon, or satellite.

move in a curved path around another object

Orbit can take the object being circled directly, without around.

a vehicle or weapon propelled at high speed

可指航天器或火箭弹。

to rise or move very quickly

常形容价格、数量快速上升。

an object that moves around a planet

A satellite may be natural, like the Moon, or sent into space by people.

a vehicle designed to travel in space

spaceship 指在太空中飞行的交通工具。

a large boat that carries people or goods on the sea

ship 通常比 boat 大。

to send goods to a customer or another place

现代商业语境中 ship 常泛指“发货”。

to move a small boat through water using a short oar

Paddle can take a boat as its object or be used without one to describe the action.

not containing many people

Uncrowded describes a place with plenty of space.

in or to that place

there 表示地点时可与 here 对比。

used before be to say that something exists

there be 后的名词决定 be 的单复数。

not in or to any place

Nowhere is negative in meaning, so do not use it with another negative word such as not.

located above something else or in the higher part

Upper normally comes before a noun and identifies a higher position or limit; lower is its opposite.

correct or suitable

常置于名词前。

on or towards the side opposite left; exactly

adj. 表示方位；adv. 可表示方向或“正好”。

a freedom or claim that a person is entitled to have

常用 the right to do sth。

going straight up and down

Vertical is the opposite of horizontal.

running side by side at the same distance, or similar in important ways

Use parallel to for the spatial relation. In a comparison, parallel describes similar developments or experiences.

a similarity or a comparable person, event or situation

A parallel between two things points out an important similarity without claiming they are identical.

a line around the Earth joining places at the same latitude

On a globe, parallels are circles running east to west; they indicate latitude.

to be similar to something or run alongside it

The verb parallel takes its object directly; unlike the adjective, it does not need to.

a movement of the foot, or one action in a process

the next step 常用于说明计划中的下一步。

to move by putting a foot somewhere

step into 表示“迈入”；step over 表示“跨过”。

one of the steps in a staircase

单个梯级用 a stair；整段楼梯通常用复数 stairs。

on or to a higher floor

upstairs 可作副词或形容词。

on or to a lower floor of a building

通常不用介词 to：go downstairs，而非 go to downstairs。

located on a lower floor

作定语时放在名词前。

a tall narrow building or part of a building

towering 是形容词，表示高耸的。

very tall, or much greater than others

towering 可形容实体高度，也可形容人的突出成就。

to climb rock faces as a sport

常见 go rock climbing；也可直接说 rock climb with an instructor。

strong twisted material, or a piece made from it

作材料时通常不可数；说“一根绳”时用 a rope 或 a length of rope。

a set of tools, equipment, or clothes for a particular activity

Kit is a collective noun for equipment needed for one purpose.

a drawing that shows where places are

Use on the map for a location shown by a map.

to get onto something, or fix something onto a surface

Mount takes an object in these uses.

a very high area of land with steep sides

Mountain is countable.

having many mountains

Mountainous describes an area with many mountains.

a low area between hills or mountains, often with a river running through it

Valley is countable. The valley floor is the low ground at the bottom; a named river valley may include the wider region along that river.

rising sharply or changing quickly

Steep describes a sharp slope or a sudden large increase or decrease.

a hard natural substance found in the ground

rock 作“岩石”可数或不可数。

a style of popular music with a strong beat

作音乐名称时通常不可数。

to move gently backwards and forwards

可指物体或人的来回晃动。

a small piece of rock, or rock used as a building material

stone 作材料名词时通常不可数，如 a house built of stone。

very small pieces of stone found on beaches and in deserts

通常不可数。

wet earth that is soft and sticky

Mud is uncountable. Use a patch of mud for an area or a lump of mud for a piece.

covered with or containing mud

Muddy describes either something with mud on it or ground that is wet and soft.

dull and not bright in colour

For colours, muddy suggests a dull, mixed shade without a clean brightness.

unclear or confused

Muddy can describe thinking or an explanation that is hard to follow because the ideas are not clear.

to cover with mud or make water dirty with mud

As a verb, muddy takes the thing made dirty as its object; its past form is muddied.

the top layer of earth in which plants grow

soil 通常不可数；指供植物生长的土。

relating to the North or South Pole

Polar describes the very cold regions around the North and South Poles.

relating to Antarctica

Antarctic describes Antarctica and its region.

relating to the North Pole

Arctic describes the region around the North Pole.

the continent around the South Pole

Antarctica 是洲名；Antarctic 是相应形容词。

connected with a volcano or its activity

Volcanic describes things connected with a volcano, such as ash, rock, or activity.

a mountain that can send out lava and ash

A volcano is a mountain or opening that can release lava, ash, and gases.

a large and important town where many people live and work

city centre 是英式拼写；泛指多座城市时用 cities。

the people or government of a city considered together

此义中 city 可指城市作为整体；具体市政机构常说 city council。

in or to the central business area of a city

多用于北美英语；英国英语常说 in the city centre。

relating to the central area of a city

作定语时放在名词前。

a large covered building with many shops

Mall is chiefly American English; shopping centre is common in British English.

a place where people buy and sell goods

Market is countable for a place where goods are sold.

a place where people choose food from a counter

常指学校、医院或办公场所的自助式用餐区。

an informal place to have coffee or a light meal

café 是常见写法；cafe 是不带重音符号的拼写变体。

a place serving meals in a school or workplace

A canteen serves people at an institution such as a school or factory; the stress falls on the final syllable.

a small enclosed space for a purpose, or a partly enclosed restaurant seat

A booth may serve a task such as selling tickets, or provide a partly enclosed table area in a restaurant.

a place where people go to watch films

cinema 在英式英语中常用；美式英语更常说 movie theater。

films considered as an art form or an industry

此义通常不可数，指电影这一艺术或行业，而不是某一家电影院。

an organisation for people with a shared interest

club 指有共同兴趣的组织。

a heavy stick used in some sports, especially golf

球杆义与社团义是不同的名词用法。

to form an organised group

club together 表示联合起来。

a movable barrier that opens and closes an entrance to a place

A gate controls entry to a garden, school, field, or other enclosed place.

the place at an airport or station where passengers wait to board or leave

At an airport, a gate is the numbered place where passengers go to board a flight.

a large room or building used for meetings, events, or passage

Hall can be a large public room or a passage inside a building.

a place where legal cases are heard

Legal court refers to the institution or place for legal proceedings.

an area marked for playing a sport such as tennis or basketball

Sports court refers to the marked playing area, not a legal institution.

a narrow passage between or behind buildings

An alley is smaller than an ordinary street and often runs between or behind buildings.

the official home of a king, queen, or other ruler

palace 通常指皇室或统治者居住的宏伟建筑。

a huge stone structure with a square base and pointed top

A pyramid is a large pointed structure, especially one built in ancient Egypt.

a large building for sports events

Use stadium for the whole sports venue; its usual plural is stadiums.

a building used for religious worship

A temple is a building used for religious worship, not the side of the head.

a burial place, often an underground chamber or stone structure

The b in tomb is silent. Tomb often suggests a built burial chamber or monument, not just a hole in the ground.

an institution for higher education

go to university 表示上大学。

a large dam on the River Nile in Egypt

Aswan Dam is a fixed proper name, so capitalize both words.

the ancient wall running across northern China

专名含 the；不要省略 Great 或 Wall。

the former imperial palace museum in Beijing

北京故宫博物院的常用英文专名，前面保留 the。

the large public square in central Beijing

专名各实词首字母大写。

a curved structure over an opening or a curved shape

An arch has a curved top or outline. It may be part of a building or the shape of something else.

to form a curve or make something curve

Arch can take a body part as an object or stand alone for something forming a curve.

a small hard block used for building walls

Brick is countable for one building block; brick wall works attributively before wall.

a large fortified building where a ruler once lived

Castle commonly refers to a historic fortified residence with walls or towers.

a tall support or a vertical section of a page

A column can support a building or be a vertical section in a table, newspaper, or page.

an open space surrounded by buildings

Courtyard normally refers to an enclosed or partly enclosed outdoor space.

a large natural hollow space in rock or the ground

A cave is a hollow space rather than a hole passing all the way through, as a tunnel does.

a small piece of material placed on a floor or other surface

A mat covers a limited area for wiping, protection or exercise; it is usually smaller than a carpet.

with little or no light

Dark describes a place or time with little light.

the state of having little or no light

Darkness is the absence of light.